US

Standardized Tests

Comparing their students’ average gains on standardized tests over the school year makes it easier to predict which teachers — all else equal — are more likely to improve their student’s long-term life outcomes.

Responses weighted by each expert's confidence

Participant University Vote Confidence Bio/Vote History
Acemoglu
Daron Acemoglu
MIT
Agree
6
Bio/Vote History
Value-added evaluation is far from perfect. But given that teachers matter greatly, it's surely one of many indicators one should look at.
Alesina
Alberto Alesina
Harvard
Agree
6
Bio/Vote History
Altonji
Joseph Altonji
Yale
Strongly Agree
10
Bio/Vote History
Auerbach
Alan Auerbach
Berkeley
Agree
5
Bio/Vote History
Autor
David Autor
MIT
Strongly Agree
10
Bio/Vote History
It's imperfect and can be refined, but there's no question this approach contains useful predictive info.
Baicker
Katherine Baicker
University of Chicago
Agree
3
Bio/Vote History
Banerjee
Abhijit Banerjee
MIT
Agree
6
Bio/Vote History
Bertrand
Marianne Bertrand
Chicago
Agree
5
Bio/Vote History
Brunnermeier
Markus Brunnermeier
Princeton Did Not Answer Bio/Vote History
Chetty
Raj Chetty
Harvard
Strongly Agree
10
Bio/Vote History
Chevalier
Judith Chevalier
Yale
Uncertain
5
Bio/Vote History
While in principle test scores are a useful input to teacher evaluation, the work of Rothstein and Darling summarizes important caveats
-see background information here
Cutler
David Cutler
Harvard
Agree
4
Bio/Vote History
Deaton
Angus Deaton
Princeton
No Opinion
Bio/Vote History
Duffie
Darrell Duffie
Stanford
Agree
3
Bio/Vote History
Although teaching-to-the-test is bad practice, I anticipate a positive correlation between teaching quality and test-score improvement.
Edlin
Aaron Edlin
Berkeley
No Opinion
Bio/Vote History
Eichengreen
Barry Eichengreen
Berkeley
Uncertain
5
Bio/Vote History
I'm firmly in the some-testing-is-helpful camp, but tests are likely to be a noisy signal for "long-term" life outcomes.
Einav
Liran Einav
Stanford
Agree
7
Bio/Vote History
Fair
Ray Fair
Yale
Agree
3
Bio/Vote History
Finkelstein
Amy Finkelstein
MIT Did Not Answer Bio/Vote History
Goldberg
Pinelopi Goldberg
Yale
Agree
5
Bio/Vote History
Goolsbee
Austan Goolsbee
Chicago
Agree
1
Bio/Vote History
yes but with lots of noise and unbservables
Greenstone
Michael Greenstone
University of Chicago
Agree
5
Bio/Vote History
impt caveat: you can "get what you pay for" - higher test scores but less fundamental learning. are there broader tests w/o this problem?
Hall
Robert Hall
Stanford
Agree
1
Bio/Vote History
An heavily fact-related issue in an area I'm not well informed about.
Hart
Oliver Hart
Harvard
Uncertain
5
Bio/Vote History
Research by Chetty et al. suggests this is so and I take that seriously. But this is a complex issue and it is early to reach conclusions.
Holmström
Bengt Holmström
MIT
Agree
7
Bio/Vote History
Hoxby
Caroline Hoxby
Stanford
No Opinion
Bio/Vote History
If I could answer a well-worded question re: modern value-added methods, I would say "strongly agree" but this question is too badly worded.
Hoynes
Hilary Hoynes
Berkeley
Agree
8
Bio/Vote History
Judd
Kenneth Judd
Stanford
Agree
3
Bio/Vote History
I suspect that most situations do not satisfy the "all else equal" condition.
Kaplan
Steven Kaplan
Chicago Booth
Agree
8
Bio/Vote History
Kashyap
Anil Kashyap
Chicago Booth
Agree
5
Bio/Vote History
I think that is what Chetty and others find, though "easier" is in the eye of the beholder
-see background information here
Klenow
Pete Klenow
Stanford
Strongly Agree
7
Bio/Vote History
Levin
Jonathan Levin
Stanford
Agree
4
Bio/Vote History
Maskin
Eric Maskin
Harvard
Agree
7
Bio/Vote History
Recent large-scale empirical work seems to back up this assertion.
Nordhaus
William Nordhaus
Yale
Uncertain
1
Bio/Vote History
Saez
Emmanuel Saez
Berkeley
Agree
6
Bio/Vote History
Samuelson
Larry Samuelson
Yale
Agree
7
Bio/Vote History
But testing is just one of many measures, and is a noisy measure, and can induce distortions in behavior.
Scheinkman
José Scheinkman
Columbia University
Strongly Agree
5
Bio/Vote History
See Chetty et al. American Economic Review 2014
Schmalensee
Richard Schmalensee
MIT
Agree
2
Bio/Vote History
Plausible, but ...
Shapiro
Carl Shapiro
Berkeley
Agree
3
Bio/Vote History
Shimer
Robert Shimer
University of Chicago
Agree
3
Bio/Vote History
Likely more informative in some schools than others.
Thaler
Richard Thaler
Chicago Booth
Agree
3
Bio/Vote History
Imperfect but useful tool.
Udry
Christopher Udry
Northwestern
Agree
8
Bio/Vote History
Score gains have some information. But the proper weight is unknown, and "all else equal" is very difficult to arrange.